Do you need a license to practice Reiki?

The short answer

Almost certainly not. In every US state and Canadian province we were able to verify, you do not need a license to practice Reiki. Massage laws, the ones people worry about, are written around manipulating soft tissue, and Reiki isn't that.

Two things are true alongside that. Your city may have rules your state doesn't. And the restrictions that do exist attach to what you call your work and what you claim it does, not to what your hands are doing. Almost everyone worries about the wrong half.

How this was madeThis guide was researched with AI, working from the laws themselves: the statutes, regulations and board policies, read directly and checked more than once, with the date each one was checked. It is careful work, and it is still AI. Before you rely on anything here, check it with a real person you trust: your state or provincial board, your city clerk, or a lawyer. This is not legal advice, and no lawyer has reviewed it.

Why everyone is confused: three different things wearing one name

Nearly every anxious conversation about this collapses three separate systems into one question. Pull them apart and most of the fear goes with it.

One: professional licensing. State or provincial. This is what people mean when they ask “do I need a license.” It's the massage therapy act, and it's usually the layer that doesn't apply to you.

Two: municipal permits. Your city or town. This is the layer that actually catches people, and almost nobody writes about it. Some towns regulate “bodywork” separately even where the state has exempted Reiki by name. Some have body-rub bylaws written so broadly they sweep in anything involving touch. Most require a business license, and many require a permit to see clients at home.

Three: business registration. Registering a trading name, charging tax. This has nothing to do with Reiki. It applies to anyone selling anything.

You can be completely clear on layer one and still be non-compliant on layer three. They are not the same question and they don't have the same answer.

The principle underneath everything

Across eight Canadian provinces, eighteen US states plus Washington DC, and the federal law of both countries, we could not find a single provision that regulates the act of placing your hands on someone with the intention of doing Reiki.

Not one.

Every restriction that exists attaches to language:

• Calling your work massage. In six states we confirmed, using the word forfeits an exemption you would otherwise hold.
• Naming a disease, or naming its cause. Saying “I'm feeling a blockage in your liver” is, in some places, a restricted act carrying real penalties. Sincerity is not a defense.
• Claiming an outcome you can't evidence. This is the largest financial exposure we found anywhere, and the least known. See below.
• Borrowing a title: “doctor” essentially everywhere; “certified” or “registered” in a couple of specific places.
• Steering someone away from medical care, including by saying nothing when you should have said something.

Which means the safest legal position and the most honest way to describe your work turn out to be the same position. Describe what a session is, not what it cures. Don't name diseases. Refer people out. That isn't a compromise you make for the lawyers; it's just accurate.

The four different kinds of “no”

When you read that Reiki doesn't need a license somewhere, it's worth knowing which kind of no you've got, because they are not equally sturdy.

1. Reiki is named in the statute. The strongest. Massachusetts, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana and New Mexico all name it outright. There is nothing to argue about.

2. Energy work is exempted, but Reiki isn't named. Georgia, Iowa, Kentucky and Oregon exempt practices affecting “the human energy system” or similar. Reiki fits the words comfortably, but you're relying on a category, not a name. (Oregon's comes with conditions; see its entry.)

3. There's no exemption, but the definition doesn't reach you. Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Tennessee. Reiki falls outside because the law defines massage as manipulating soft tissue and you aren't doing that. This is a sound reading. It is also an inference from a definition rather than a written protection, and as far as we can tell no court has ever tested it.

4. Neither. We found one: Washington DC, where the definition reaches touch applied through “holding” and “positioning,” and the exemption list contains nothing for energy work. We are not able to tell you that Reiki is exempt in DC.

The vocabulary trap: the most useful thing on this page

Here is something no one warns you about, and it's the thing most likely to cause you an actual problem.

The word “bodywork” is legally protective in one state and legally dangerous in another.

• In Massachusetts, the statute affirmatively grants exempt practitioners the words “bodywork,” “bodyworker,” “bodywork therapist.” It's the recommended vocabulary.
• In Arizona, the statute says flatly that “bodywork therapy means massage therapy.” Using it puts you inside the licensed activity, and advertising massage without a license there is a criminal offense.
• In Tennessee, “bodywork” and “somatic” are definitional terms inside the massage statute itself, which also makes it unlawful to advertise using “any other term that implies massage technique or method.”
• In Washington State, “touch therapist” and “body therapist” are legally protected massage titles. Call yourself one and you are, by statutory definition, holding yourself out as a massage therapist, regardless of what you actually do.

The same word: protective, criminal, criminal, and a trap. This is why a general answer isn't good enough, and why the state-by-state section exists.

Meanwhile "Reiki practitioner" and "Reiki Master" are, as far as we could determine, protected nowhere and safe everywhere, with one narrow exception noted under Prince Edward Island.

What actually gets people in trouble

Ranked by how likely it is to happen to a well-meaning practitioner.

1. Telling someone what's wrong with them. This is the big one, and it catches sincere people rather than dishonest ones. In Ontario, communicating a diagnosis that someone would foreseeably rely on is a restricted act carrying up to $25,000 and a year's imprisonment. Most jurisdictions have some version. “I'm sensing something in your thyroid” is the shape of the risk.

2. Claiming an outcome you can't prove. Canada's Competition Act defines “product” to include a service, and puts a reverse onus on efficacy claims: once you've said it, you must prove you adequately tested it beforehand. No intent required. No dishonesty required. Penalties reach $750,000 for an individual, and since 2024 a private party, including a competitor, can bring the application. The US equivalent runs through FTC substantiation rules and state consumer-protection acts. This is the largest financial exposure in this entire guide and almost nobody in the field knows it exists.

3. Advising someone away from medical care, including by omission, in some places.

4. Calling it massage, and forfeiting a protection you had.

5. Borrowing a protected title.

What about distance and online sessions?

Legally, hands-off work is easier, not harder. If a jurisdiction's massage law is built on manipulating soft tissue and you never touch anyone, you're plainly outside it. In Tennessee the Board has said so explicitly: “any technique that does not include any touching of the body does not meet the definition of massage.”

Two real caveats. Your titles and claims still apply: distance work doesn't exempt you from the language rules above. And when your client is in another state or country, that place's law may apply to that session, which is genuinely under-documented; we found no jurisdiction that addresses it clearly and no insurer that covers it explicitly unless you ask.

How to check your own state or province in fifteen minutes

So this stays useful where we haven't looked, and after the law changes:

1. Search for “[your state or province] massage therapy act” and find the official legislature or government site. Not a summary, not a school's blog.
2. Find the section headed definitions, and read how massage is defined. Look for the verbs. If it says manipulation of soft tissue, or lists kneading, friction, stroking, percussion, Reiki almost certainly falls outside it.
3. Find the section headed exemptions and search it for energy, Reiki, touch, religious. This tells you which of the four kinds of “no” you have.
4. Search the same act for the advertising and title provisions. This is the part that actually constrains you.
5. Phone your city or town clerk and ask one question: “Do I need any permit or business license to see clients for Reiki, either at home or in a rented room?” This is the layer that catches people, and it takes one phone call.

If you do those five things you'll know more about your own position than almost anyone selling you a course does.

What's actually true where you are

Each entry: the answer, the law, what to avoid saying, and the local layer. Laws change, so the date matters. Where we could not verify something, we say so rather than guessing. Places not listed here are not covered yet.

United States: Arizona · Colorado · Connecticut · Delaware · Washington DC · Florida · Georgia · Hawaii · Idaho · Illinois · Indiana · Iowa · Kansas · Kentucky · Massachusetts · New Mexico · Oregon · Tennessee · Washington State

Canada: Ontario · Quebec · British Columbia · Manitoba · Saskatchewan · New Brunswick · Newfoundland & Labrador · Prince Edward Island

United States

Arizona

No license needed, by express statutory exemption.

A.R.S. §32-4221(B)(6) exempts “when the customer is fully clothed, the practice of techniques that are specifically intended to affect the human energy field.” One condition: the client stays clothed. No registration, no fee, no paperwork.

Watch for this: never use “massage,” “massage therapist” or “bodywork therapy” in advertising. Arizona defines bodywork therapy as massage therapy, and advertising it unlicensed is a class 1 misdemeanor.

Checked against the primary source on August 22, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in ArizonaWe're still looking for practitioners in Chandler, Gilbert, Glendale, Mesa, Phoenix, Scottsdale, and Tempe. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Colorado

Exempt, Reiki named.

C.R.S. §12-235-110(1)(e)(III) covers “practices using touch or healing touch to affect the human energy systems, such as reiki, shiatsu, and meridians,” conditional on not holding yourself out as a massage therapist.

Note: the official site blocked us, so this was read through a legal mirror. The wording is quoted accurately, but re-verify it against the official source before relying on it.

Reiki Discovery in ColoradoWe're still looking for practitioners in Aurora, Boulder, Colorado Springs, and Denver. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Connecticut

Outside the definition; no exemption exists.

Massage is defined as manipulation of soft tissue by named techniques. Reiki isn't that. A sound reading, but you are relying on the definition rather than a written protection.

Checked against the primary source on August 20, 2026.

Delaware

Outside the definition; no exemption exists.

Same shape as Connecticut: massage is defined around soft-tissue manipulation, and there is no written protection for energy work.

Washington DC

Unresolved. The one place we cannot answer.

D.C. Code §3-1201.02(6C)(A)(i) defines the practice of massage therapy to include applying “touch and pressure to the human body through tapping, stroking, kneading, compression, friction, stretching, vibrating, holding, positioning”, and §3-1205.02's exemptions contain nothing for energy work, religious or spiritual practice.

The argument for Reiki falling outside is that the whole list sits under “massage techniques,” which Reiki isn't. The argument against is that “holding” is right there in the text.

Here is exactly what we did and didn't do. We read the statute and its full list of exemptions directly. We could not read the Board's own rules (17 DCMR chapter 75), and a carve-out there can't be ruled out. We have not yet had an answer from the Board. So this is not a “probably fine” dressed up as an answer. It is an open question.

One thing is clear: distance and hands-off sessions are outside it, because the definition is built on touch.

If you practice in DC, ask the Board of Massage Therapy directly, in writing, before you rely on anyone's answer, including ours. And if they reply, please tell us. We'll publish what they said.

Checked against the primary source on August 22, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in Washington DCWe're still looking for practitioners in Washington D.C.. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Florida

Outside the definition; no exemption exists. And the famous story is false.

Florida's massage definition requires “manipulation of the soft tissues,” so Reiki sits outside it, but there is genuinely no exemption, which is why the anxiety took hold.

On the widely repeated claim that Florida jails Reiki practitioners: we searched Florida's administrative-law order index covering 1975 to 2026, every Florida court on CourtListener, the Board's own minutes and its unlicensed-activity page, and found no case of any Reiki practitioner being fined, cited, prosecuted, jailed or issued a cease-and-desist. The article most often cited for the claim says outright that it has never happened.

Checked against the primary source on August 22, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in FloridaWe're still looking for practitioners in Cape Coral, Hialeah, Jacksonville, Miami, Orlando, Port St. Lucie, St. Petersburg, and Tampa. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Georgia

Exempt via the energy-systems provision.

O.C.G.A. §43-24A-19(a)(8), conditional on practicing within a profession with established standards and not implying massage.

Note: the official site blocked us, so this was read through a legal mirror. The wording is quoted accurately, but re-verify it against the official source before relying on it.

Reiki Discovery in GeorgiaWe're still looking for practitioners in Augusta. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Hawaii

Outside the definition, but Hawaii restricts advertising even for exempt people.

HRS §452-23 reaches “any person, including a person who is exempt.” Unusual and worth knowing: being exempt from the practice rules does not exempt you from the marketing rules. Keep the word massage out of your advertising entirely.

Checked against the primary source on August 20, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in HawaiiWe're still looking for practitioners in Honolulu. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Idaho

Exempt, Reiki named.

Idaho Code §54-4003(2)(g), conditional on not implying massage.

Checked against the primary source on August 20, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in IdahoWe're still looking for practitioners in Boise. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Illinois

Exempt, Reiki named.

225 ILCS 57/25(e), though the statute misspells it “Reike.” Illinois also has an express religious-practice exemption.

Watch for this: that section carries a scheduled repeal date of 1 January 2027. We'll re-check it then.

Checked against the primary source on August 20, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in IllinoisWe're still looking for practitioners in Chicago. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Indiana

Exempt, Reiki named.

IC 25-21.8-4-5(4). Note Indiana requires a license to practice massage, not merely to use the title, so the exemption matters more here than in most states.

Note: the official site blocked us, so this was read through a legal mirror. The wording is quoted accurately, but re-verify it against the official source before relying on it.

Reiki Discovery in IndianaWe're still looking for practitioners in Fort Wayne and Indianapolis. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Iowa

Exempt via the energy-system provision.

Iowa Code §152C.9(7).

Checked against the primary source on August 20, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in IowaWe're still looking for practitioners in Des Moines. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Kansas

No state massage act exists at all.

Regulation is entirely municipal, and we did not survey Kansas cities. Call your city clerk. This is the one state where that phone call is the whole answer.

Checked against the primary source on August 20, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in KansasWe're still looking for practitioners in Overland Park and Wichita. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Kentucky

Exempt via the energy-system provision.

KRS §309.352(6).

Note: the official site blocked us, so this was read through a legal mirror. The wording is quoted accurately, but re-verify it against the official source before relying on it.

Reiki Discovery in KentuckyWe're still looking for practitioners in Lexington. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Massachusetts

Exempt, Reiki named in both statute and regulation.

M.G.L. c.112 §228(b) names Reiki in its exemption list; the Board's own regulation goes further and places Reiki outside the definition of massage therapy entirely. Conditions: your services must not be “designated or implied to be massage,” and you may call yourself a bodyworker.

Watch for this: the municipal layer is real here. Local Boards of Health may regulate bodywork separately, and Lowell, Sudbury and Needham all do, naming Reiki.

Checked against the primary source on August 20, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in MassachusettsWe're still looking for practitioners in Boston. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

New Mexico

The strongest protection we found anywhere, twice over.

NMSA 61-12C-5.1(C) exempts “reiki” by name, with no conditions attached: no certification, no training minimum, no posting requirement.

On top of that, New Mexico's Unlicensed Health Care Practice Act gives an independent safe harbor covering “energetic healing,” in exchange for giving every client a ten-point written disclosure before service, including a plain statement that you are not licensed by the state, and keeping their signed acknowledgment for three years.

Checked against the primary source on August 22, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in New MexicoWe're still looking for practitioners in Albuquerque. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Oregon

A real exemption, with a lock on it.

ORS 687.031(1)(j) exempts “using touch to affect the energy systems or channels of energy of the body”, but only if you are certified by a professional organization that requires minimum training, a defined scope, ethical standards and maintains disciplinary procedures, and you post that organization's contact details at your place of business. The Board can and does verify this.

Reiki is named nowhere in Oregon's statute or rules; the only example given is Polarity Therapy. Do not assume you're covered. Find out whether your credentialing body qualifies. (There is a route: organizations can petition the Board to be named.) Note too that donations and barter count as compensation, and that mixing any massage technique into a session collapses the exemption.

Checked against the primary source on August 22, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in OregonWe're still looking for practitioners in Portland. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Tennessee

Safe, and the Board has said so.

The statute defines massage as “manipulation of the soft tissues,” which Reiki isn't. Better still, the Massage Licensure Board adopted a policy on 6 February 2017 stating that “any technique that does not include any touching of the body does not meet the definition of massage,” while techniques involving soft-tissue manipulation do. The test is manipulation, not touch.

Two Tennessee-specific traps: it is a criminal offense to advertise using “any other term that implies massage technique or method”, so avoid “bodywork” and “somatic”; and Tennessee counts donations and gifts as compensation.

Checked against the primary source on August 22, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in TennesseeWe're still looking for practitioners in Memphis. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Washington State

Almost certainly outside the definition, but there is no exemption and no guidance.

The definition requires “external manipulation or pressure of soft tissue.” However, RCW 18.108.050's exemption list contains no energy-work carve-out. Washington copied Oregon's somatic-education language and left the energy limb out.

The real trap is vocabulary: “touch therapist,” “body therapist” and “acupressurist” are legally protected massage titles. “Reiki practitioner” is not.

Checked against the primary source on August 22, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in Washington StateWe're still looking for practitioners in Seattle, Spokane, and Tacoma. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Canada

Federal (both countries): nothing regulates Reiki. Health Canada has no position, and Canada's Food and Drugs Act advertising rules reach products, not services, so advertising a Reiki session falls outside them entirely. The Competition Act, however, reaches services fully. See “what actually gets people in trouble,” above.

Ontario

No license needed.

Massage therapy is title-protected only; Ontario abolished the blanket “practice of medicine” offense in 1991 in favor of a controlled-acts model, which is precisely why Reiki is comfortably lawful.

Two things do apply to you: communicating a diagnosis is a controlled act (up to $25,000 and a year's imprisonment), and a separate provision reaches anyone who treats or advises on health where serious harm is foreseeable, including by omission.

Also worth knowing: Ontario's consent statute binds only regulated professionals, so you get no statutory consent framework and no statutory protection. A written consent form is the only evidence you'll ever have.

Checked against the primary source on August 20, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in OntarioWe're still looking for practitioners in Hamilton, Ottawa, and Toronto. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Quebec

No license needed; massage therapy isn't a regulated profession.

Your questions here are business ones. Registration is triggered by your business name, not by practicing: working under your own full name requires nothing; working as “Lumière Reiki” requires registering within 60 days, and a non-French name additionally engages the Charter of the French Language.

And Reiki is a taxable service in Canada. It is not an exempt health service, so above $30,000 in worldwide sales over four rolling quarters you must register and charge GST and QST (14.975% combined).

Checked against the primary source on August 20, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in QuebecWe're still looking for practitioners in Quebec. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

British Columbia

No license needed; massage therapy is title-protected.

Watch for this: BC replaced its entire health-professions framework on 1 April 2026. Any guidance citing the old Health Professions Act is out of date.

Checked against the primary source on August 20, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in British ColumbiaWe're still looking for practitioners in Vancouver and Victoria. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Manitoba

No license needed.

Massage therapy was designated a regulated profession in June 2026 but is not yet operational.

Watch for this: Manitoba restricts the words “registered” and “licensed” for anyone providing health care who isn't a college member, though members of specified organizations, including the Natural Health Practitioners of Canada, may use “registered.” “Certified” is not restricted in Manitoba.

Checked against the primary source on August 20, 2026.

Reiki Discovery in ManitobaWe're still looking for practitioners in Winnipeg. If you practice there, tap your city to see what joining looks like.

Saskatchewan

No license needed, and nothing regulates Reiki.

Massage therapy is not regulated either. Saskatchewan is the last province without it.

In Saskatoon specifically, the city's own bylaw names Reiki as an “alternative medical treatment” and excludes it from body-rub licensing, on a “demonstrated qualifications” test, so keep your training certificates. You do need a city business license, and home practices are capped (three clients at once, eight visits a day).

One thing to take seriously: Saskatchewan strengthened its unlicensed-practice law on 14 May 2026 (injunctions, five-times-higher fines, a longer limitation period), and it turns on whether someone “professes to practise medicine,” defined as offering to diagnose or treat a disease, pain, injury or physical condition. The modality is fine. The claims are what matter.

Checked against the primary source on August 22, 2026.

New Brunswick

The strictest place in Canada.

Alone among the provinces, New Brunswick protects the practice of massage therapy, not merely the title: practicing without registration is itself an offense, and the exemptions cover only other regulated professions, so Reiki gets no shelter from them. Reiki still sits outside the definition (which requires soft-tissue mobilization), but the margin is thinner here than anywhere else, and adding any hands-on soft-tissue work to a session crosses a line it wouldn't cross elsewhere.

Checked against the primary source on August 20, 2026.

Newfoundland & Labrador

No license needed.

Title protection and a “holding out” prohibition only.

Checked against the primary source on August 20, 2026.

Prince Edward Island

The one place your certificate wording matters.

No license is needed. But PEI's Regulated Health Professions Act s.89(1.1) bars anyone from using the words “regulated,” “registered,” “certified” or “licensed” either in the name of a non-regulated health profession or as part of the professional title of someone who isn't a college member.

On a plain reading, “Certified Reiki Practitioner” advertised in PEI appears to contravene it, regardless of what certificate a school gave you. We found no decision applying this to an unregulated modality, so treat it as a strong caution rather than a settled rule. The safest thing to call yourself in PEI is the plainest: “Reiki practitioner.”

Checked against the primary source on August 22, 2026.

If you're already licensed as something else

If you're a nurse, a counselor, a social worker or a massage therapist, your question is harder than the one this guide answers, not easier. You carry your own board's scope-of-practice rules on top of everything here, plus informed-consent obligations for offering a non-evidence-based modality, plus the real possibility that your malpractice insurance excludes it unless declared.

We tried to answer this properly and could not. Insurers and professional bodies do not publish clear positions, and the ones we reached wouldn't give a straight answer. We're not going to guess on something this consequential. If this is you, ask your own board and your own insurer, in writing, and get the answer in writing.

What we could not verify

We think saying this out loud is more useful than pretending to completeness.

• Thirty-two US states, two provinces (Alberta and Nova Scotia) and three territories are not covered here. We found four genuinely different legal structures, so nothing should be assumed about a place from the pattern somewhere else.
• Washington DC is unresolved. We could not read the Board's own rules and have not had an answer from the Board.
• The municipal layer is unexamined nearly everywhere. It is also the layer most likely to affect you. One phone call to your city clerk closes it.
• Four states (Colorado, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky) were read through legal mirrors because the official sites blocked us. The wording is quoted accurately; the currency date is the mirror's, not ours.
• We found no enforcement action against a Reiki practitioner anywhere, but unlicensed-practice matters usually generate no public record, cease-and-desist letters are private, and some states settle them by design. The honest claim is “none has been made public,” not “none has occurred.”

We haven't researched these places yet, but we're looking for practitioners there too. Tap a city to see what joining looks like.

• Alabama: Birmingham and Huntsville
• Alaska: Anchorage
• Alberta: Calgary and Edmonton
• California: Anaheim, Bakersfield, Chula Vista, Fontana, Fremont, Fresno, Irvine, Long Beach, Modesto, Moreno Valley, Oakland, Oxnard, Riverside, Sacramento, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose, Santa Ana, Santa Clarita, and Stockton
• Louisiana: Lafayette
• Maryland: Baltimore
• Michigan: Detroit and Grand Rapids
• Minnesota: Minneapolis and St Paul
• Missouri: Kansas City and St. Louis
• Nebraska: Lincoln and Omaha
• Nevada: Henderson, Paradise, Reno, and Spring Valley
• New Jersey: Jersey City and Newark
• New York: Buffalo, New York City, Rochester, and Yonkers
• New Zealand: Auckland, Christchurch, and Wellington
• North Carolina: Durham, Fayetteville, Greensboro, Raleigh, and Winston-Salem
• Nova Scotia: Halifax
• Ohio: Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, and Toledo
• Oklahoma: Oklahoma City and Tulsa
• Pennsylvania: Philadelphia and Pittsburgh
• Puerto Rico: San Juan
• Texas: Arlington, Corpus Christi, Dallas, El Paso, Fort Worth, Frisco, Garland, Irving, Laredo, Lubbock, McKinney, and Plano
• The United Kingdom: Leeds, Liverpool, and Manchester
• Utah: Salt Lake City
• Virginia: Chesapeake, Norfolk, Richmond, and Virginia Beach
• Wisconsin: Madison and Milwaukee

Keeping this current

Laws change, and we keep this page up to date. Every entry carries the date it was checked; the most recent check was August 22, 2026. If you find something here that's out of date or wrong, please tell us and we'll correct it and say that we did.